Efficacy of Rectal Misoprostol Versus Oxytocin on Reducing Blood Loss during Cesarean Section: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Authors

  • Ebraheem Albazee Kuwait Institute for Medical Specializations (KIMS)
  • Ahmed Soliman Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
  • Khaled Albakri
  • Mohamed Elbanna Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
  • Nada Alaa Moussa Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
  • Hazem Metwally Faragalla Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5195/ijms.2022.1837

Keywords:

Misoprostol, Oxytocin, Cesarean Section, Blood loss

Abstract

Introduction: Blood loss is an inevitable complication and a major contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality at cesarean deliveries. Several trials have investigated the of using Misoprostol to prevent hemorrhage-related complications in women undergoing cesarean section.

Objective: We aimed to detect a potential preference regarding the efficacy and safety of rectal Misoprostol over Oxytocin as a uterotonic agent.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and other databases for the relevant trials from inception to September 2022. We included randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that compared rectal Misoprostol versus Oxytocin to control bleeding in women undergoing cesarean delivery. Our primary outcomes were the intra- and postoperative blood loss, and hemoglobin drop after delivery. Secondary outcomes included need for blood transfusion, need for additional uterotonics, difference in operative time, as well as safety outcomes such as the incidence of shivering, pyrexia, nausea, and vomiting.

Results: Our search strategy revealed 1007 unique records, of them we retrieved full texts of 19 articles to check their adherence to our eligibility criteria. Nine RCTs with 1490 participants were included. We found a significant reduction in postoperative blood loss (MD: -27.9 mL; 95% CI: -53.8, -2.1, p = 0.03), and Hb drop after delivery (MD: 0.11 mg/dl, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.19, p = 0.003). There is no significant difference regarding intraoperative blood loss, operative time, need for blood transfusion, or need for additional uterotonics. We could not find a significant difference between the 2 groups regarding safety outcomes except for a higher shivering incidence in Misoprostol group (RR: 2.99; 95% CI: 1.69, 5.29, p = 0.002).

Conclusion: We found a significant reduction in postoperative blood loss with a potential favorable safety profile in women who administrated rectal Misoprostol compared to Oxytocin administration. Our findings recommend and prefer rectal Misoprostol as a cheaper and effective uterotonic agent over Oxytocin which is expensive and require adequate cold chain for transportation and storage.

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Published

2022-11-21 — Updated on 2023-01-02

How to Cite

Albazee, E., Soliman, A., Albakri, K., Elbanna, M., Moussa, N. A., & Faragalla, H. M. (2023). Efficacy of Rectal Misoprostol Versus Oxytocin on Reducing Blood Loss during Cesarean Section: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials . International Journal of Medical Students, 10, S159. https://doi.org/10.5195/ijms.2022.1837

Issue

Vol 10 (2022): Supplement 1

Section

Abstracts of the WCMSR

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Copyright (c) 2022 Ebraheem Albazee, Ahmed Soliman, Khaled Albakri, Mohamed Elbanna, Nada Alaa Moussa, Hazem Metwally Faragalla

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