Stem Cell Repair for Cardiac Muscle Regeneration: A Review of the Literature

Authors

  • Georgiana Farrugia Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Malta, Malta.
  • Rena Balzan Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Malta, Malta.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5195/ijms.2016.145

Keywords:

Stem Cells, Therapeutics, Regeneration, Myocardium, Infarction

Abstract

The notion that the human adult heart is a quiescent organ incapable of self-regeneration has been successfully challenged. It is now evident that the heart possesses a significant ability for repair and regeneration. Stem cells of endogenous cardiac origin are currently considered to possess the greatest ability to differentiate into cardiomyocytes. The major types of cardiac stem cells that show a promising potential to replace damaged cardiomyocytes include C-KIT positive (C-KIT+) cardiac progenitor cells, cardiosphere-derived progenitor cells, islet-1 (Isl1+) cardiac progenitor cells, side-population cardiac progenitor cells, epicardium-derived progenitor cells and stem cell antigen-1 (SCA1+) cardiac progenitor cells. Moreover, stem cells of extra-cardiac origin are also thought to restore contractility and vascularization of the myocardium. These include skeletal myoblasts, bone marrow mononuclear cells, mesenchymal stem cells, endothelial progenitor cells as well as embryonic stem cells. The need for further investigation on cardiac stem cell therapeutic strategies still remains.

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Author Biography

Georgiana Farrugia, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Malta, Malta.

Georgiana Farrugia is a diagnostic radiographer and a thirdyear medical student at the Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta. She is a former Editorin- Chief of EMSA EUROMEDS.

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Published

2016-04-30

How to Cite

Farrugia, G., & Balzan, R. (2016). Stem Cell Repair for Cardiac Muscle Regeneration: A Review of the Literature. International Journal of Medical Students, 4(1), 19–25. https://doi.org/10.5195/ijms.2016.145

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016)

Section

Review

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